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Mixed population: (Kielhofner et al., 2001; n = 249; mean age = 56.05 years; female (n = 139), male (n = 110); physical disability (n = 92), psychiatric disability (n = 66), subjects living independently in the community (n = 91); USA (n = 161), Finland (n = 39), Iceland (n = 15), Australia (n = 13), Belgium (n = 10), United Kingdom (n = 4), Canada (n = 4), Sweden (n = 2))

• Occupational Competence Scale:
  • Total sample:
    • Mean Person Measure = 53.67, SD = 10.21
    • Mean Item Calibration: 50.00, SD = 6.03
  • Diagnostic groups:
    • No active diagnosis had highest calibration (50.14) followed by physical diagnosis (46.94) and psychiatric diagnosis (information missing in article)
• Occupational Identity Scale:
  • Total sample:
    • Mean Person Measure = 58.61, SD = 10.10
    • Mean Item Calibration = 50.00, SD = 3.16
  • Diagnostic groups:
    • No active diagnosis had highest calibration (60.30) followed by physical diagnosis (58.59) and psychiatric diagnosis (information missing in article)
• Occupational Behavior Scale:
  • Total sample:
    • Mean Person Measure = 53.32, SD = 9.61
    • Mean Item Calibration = 50.00, SD = 3.98
  • Diagnostic groups:
    • No active diagnosis had highest calibration (55.21) followed by psychiatric diagnosis (information missing in article) and physical diagnosis (49.59)

Mixed population: (Kielhofner et al., 2001)

• Rasch Analysis of Fit statistics showed that 139 of 151 raters (92%) used the Occupational Competence, Identity, and Behavior scales validly.
• Rasch analysis identified a similar level of severity of rating among raters:
  • Occupational Competence Scale: Rater separation 1.28
  • Occupational Identity Scale: Rater separation 1.78
  • Occupational Behavior Scale: Rater separation 1.94

Mixed population: (Kielhofner et al., 2005; International Population; n = 708; mean age = 54.7 years; female (n = 296), male (n = 412); psychiatric problems (n =131), chronic illness or physical impairments (n = 457), other conditions (n = 88), well-elderly (n = 32))

• Rasch Analysis revealed that rater separation was similar to that reported in Kielhofner et al. (2001), confirming the inter-rater reliability of OPHI-II.

Mixed population: (Kielhofner et al., 2001)

• Rasch analysis: The MnSq statistics indicated no item misfit for all three scales and a logical order of item calibrations.

Mixed population: (Kielhofner et al., 2005)

• Rasch Analysis: ¡°The items continued to work well together to measure the underlying constructs, the item hierarchies remained the same, and the rate of rater and subject misfits and rater separation was similar to that reported in¡­Kielhofner et al. (2001).¡± (p. 26)

Mixed population: (Kielhofner et al., 2001)

• An international team of occupational therapists were involved in the development and pilot testing of the assessment tool. After pilot testing, the tool underwent multiple revisions in order to increase validity.
• The OPHI-II was translated to various languages and adapted to different cultures in order to minimize cultural biases.
• Rasch Analysis
  • Occupational Competence Scale:
    • Fit statistics indicated that 226 of 249 subjects (91%) were validly measured by the competence scale.
    • The person separation, which indicates the precision of the scale to detect meaningful differences between persons, was 3.06.
  • Occupational Identity Scale:
    • Fit statistics indicated that 228 of 249 subjects (92%) were measured validly by this scale.
    • The person separation, which indicates the precision of the scale to detect meaningful differences between persons, was 3.06.
  • Occupational Behavior Scale:
    • Fit statistics indicated that 229 of 249 subjects (92%) were measured validly by this scale.
    • The person separation, which indicates the precision of the scale to detect meaningful differences between persons, was 2.75.

Mixed population: (Apte et al., 2005; [Occupational Therapists: (n = 3); 20 years of experience (n = 1), 3 years of experience (n = 1), 0 years of experience (n = 1)]; [clients: (n = 7); age range = 24-50 years; female (n = 1), male (n = 6); African American (n = 6), Latino (n = 1); HIV positive (n = 7)])

• Therapists and clients both agreed that the OPHI-II was a good rapport-building opportunity that created a better understanding of the client¡¯s life experiences and assisted in planning goals and services.

Mixed population: (Verhoef et al., 2014; n = 11; male (n = 6); age = 16-25 years (Median age = 22); diagnosis of chronic condition causing physical disabilities (cerebral palsy = 3, muscular disease = 2, traumatic brain injury = 2, spina bifida = 1, spinal cord injury = 1; multiple sclerosis = 1, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease = 1); completed education or were completing within 6 months)

• A 1-year multidisciplinary rehabilitation intervention brought together rehabilitation and vocational services and combined a group program with individual assessment and coaching.
• Participants showed improvement on overall occupational performance in median total scores as well as median scores for occupational identity and occupational competence

Pre- and post-intervention median scores on OPHI-II scales

Mixed population: (Kielhofner et al., 2001)

• As per a Rasch analysis, the range of item calibrations covered the range of person measures, suggesting no ceiling effect.

Adults With HIV/AIDS: (Levin et al., 2007; n = 65; male (n = 52); mean age = 42.5; age range = 24-59)

• The narrative slope derived from the OPHI-II was associated with future occupational participation at discharge, 3-month, and 6-month follow-up

Relationships between narrative slope at baseline and engagement in employment and other productive activity at follow-up (Kendall¡¯s tau-b)

Participants in community mental health program: (Ennals & Fossey, 2006; n = 6; female (n = 6); age range = 28-54; all with psychiatric diagnosis and living in the community at the time of the study)

• Through the use of the OPHI-II, mental health consumers found benefit in telling their stories and desired to talk about their full range of experiences and emotions as opposed to a more limited discussion of their illness, disability, and risk.
• The use of the OPHI-II in community mental health settings could facilitate occupational therapist¡¯s understanding of consumers¡¯ life experience and occupational lives.

Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): (Levanon-Erez et al., 2017; n = 21 adolescents aged 12-17 [male = 17] with valid medical diagnosis of ADHD and referral to occupational therapy intervention during 2012-2014 for experimental group; n = 43 adolescents aged 12-18 [male = 26] recruited through advertising and social media for control group.)

• The mean score on the occupational identity scale of the OPHI-II was significantly higher in the control group than in the ADHD group [t = 4.564, (1,62), p = 0.000, effect size = 1.26]
• Significantly higher scores for the control group were found for 7 of the 11 items of the occupational identity scale, with a large effect size found for the item ¡°Felt effective (past)¡± and low effect sizes for the items ¡°Has interests¡± and ¡°Recognizes identity and obligations.¡±